Android简易新闻客户端

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文件目录

news

在app/build.gradle当中添加依赖库

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 24
    buildToolsVersion "26.0.1"
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example.fragmentbestpractice"
        minSdkVersion 15
        targetSdkVersion 24
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {
        exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
    })
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:24.2.1'
    compile 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'
    compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:24.2.1'//recyclerview库
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
}

新闻的实体类

package com.example.fragmentbestpractice;

public class News {
    private String title;
    private String content;

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }

    public String getContent() {
        return content;
    }
    public void setContent(String content) {
        this.content = content;
    }
}

新闻内容的布局（news_content_frag.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/visibility_layout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:visibility="invisible">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/news_title"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:padding="10dp"
            android:textSize="20sp"/>

        <View
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="1dp"
            android:background="#000"/>

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/news_content"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:padding="15dp"
            android:textSize="18sp"/>
    </LinearLayout>

    <View
        android:layout_width="1dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:background="#000"/>

</RelativeLayout>

新闻内容的布局类（NewsContentFragment）

package com.example.fragmentbestpractice;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;


public class NewsContentFragment extends Fragment {

    private View view;


    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater,  ViewGroup container,  Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.news_content_frag,container,false);
        return view;
    }

    public void refresh(String newsTitle, String newsContent) {
        View visibilityLayout = view.findViewById(R.id.visibility_layout);
        visibilityLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
        TextView newsTitleText = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.news_title);
        TextView newsContentText = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.news_content);
        newsTitleText.setText(newsTitle);
        newsContentText.setText(newsContent);
    }
}
  • onCreateView()方法里加载了刚才创建的布局
  • refresh()方法将新闻的标题和内容显示出来

创建单页使用的活动（NewsContentActivity）并修改activity_news_content.xml

<?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”utf-8”?>





* 直接在布局中引用了NewsContentFragment，也就相当于把news_content_frag布局引用了进来

修改单页使用的活动（NewsContentActivity）

package com.example.fragmentbestpractice;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class NewsContentActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    public static void actionStart(Context context, String newsTitle, String newsContent) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(context,NewsContentActivity.class);
        intent.putExtra("news_title", newsTitle);
        intent.putExtra("news_content", newsContent);
        context.startActivity(intent);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_news_content);
        String newsTitle = getIntent().getStringExtra("news_title");
        String newsContent = getIntent().getStringExtra("news_content");
        NewsContentFragment newsContentFragment = (NewsContentFragment) getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.news_content_fragment);
        newsContentFragment.refresh(newsTitle, newsContent);
    }
}
  • onCreate()方法中通过Intent获取到了传入的新闻标题和新闻内容，然后调用了FragmentManager的findFragmentById()方法得到了NewsContentFragment的实例，接着调用它的refresh()方法来传入新闻标题和内容。
  • actionStart()方法使Intent传递的数据一目了然

创建用于显示新闻列表的布局（news_title_frag.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/news_title_recycler_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

</LinearLayout>
  • 里面只有一个显示新闻列表的RecyclerView

创建RecyclerView子项的布局（news_item.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TextView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/news_title"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:maxLines="1"
    android:ellipsize="end"
    android:textSize="18sp"
    android:paddingLeft="10dp"
    android:paddingRight="10dp"
    android:paddingTop="15dp"
    android:paddingBottom="15dp"/>
  • android:ellipsize用于指定当文本内容超出控件宽度时，文本的缩略方式，end表示在尾部进行缩略。

创建NewsTitleFragment作为展示新闻列表的碎片

package com.example.fragmentbestpractice;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;


public class NewsTitleFragment extends Fragment {
    private boolean isTwoPane;


    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,  Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.news_title_frag, container, false);
        RecyclerView newsTitleRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) view.findViewById(R.id.news_title_recycler_view);
        LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(getActivity());
        newsTitleRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
        NewsAdapter adapter = new NewsAdapter(getNews());
        newsTitleRecyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
        return view;
    }    

    private List<News> getNews() {
        List<News> newsList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 1; i <= 50; i++) {
            News news = new News();
            news.setTitle("This is news title" + i);
            news.setContent(getRandomLengthContnet("This is news contnet" + i + "."));
            newsList.add(news);
        }
        return newsList;
    }

    private String getRandomLengthContnet(String content) {
        Random random = new Random();
        int length = random.nextInt(20) + 1;
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            builder.append(content);
        }
        return builder.toString();
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
        if (getActivity().findViewById(R.id.news_content_layout) != null) {
            isTwoPane = true;
        } else {
            isTwoPane = false;
        }
    }

    class NewsAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<NewsAdapter.ViewHolder> {
        private List<News> mNewsList;

        class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
            TextView newsTitleText;

            public ViewHolder(View view) {
                super(view);
                newsTitleText = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.news_title);
            }
        }

        public NewsAdapter(List<News> newsList) {
            mNewsList = newsList;
        }

        @Override
        public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
            View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.news_item,parent,false);
            final ViewHolder holder = new ViewHolder(view);
            view.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    News news = mNewsList.get(holder.getAdapterPosition());
                    if (isTwoPane) {
                        NewsContentFragment newsContentFragment = (NewsContentFragment) getFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.news_content_fragment);
                        newsContentFragment.refresh(news.getTitle(),news.getContent());
                    } else {
                        NewsContentActivity.actionStart(getActivity(),news.getTitle(),news.getContent());
                    }
                }
            });

            return holder;
        }

        @Override
        public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
            News news = mNewsList.get(position);
            holder.newsTitleText.setText(news.getTitle());
        }

        @Override
        public int getItemCount() {
            return mNewsList.size();
        }
    }


}
  • onCreateView()方法中加载了news_title_frag布局和RecyclerView的使用
  • onActivityCreated()这个方法通过判断在活动中是否能找到news_content_layout布局来确定加载的单/双页模式，我们让news_content_layout在双页模式中才出现
  • 将适配器写成内部类可以直接访问NewsTitleFragment的内部变量
  • onCreateViewHolder()中注册的点击事件，先判断单双页，如果是单页，就启动新的活动，如果是双页，就更新新闻内容碎片里的数据。
  • Random类的public int nextInt(int n)方法：该方法的作用是生成一个随机的int值，该值介于[0,n)的区间，也就是0到n之间的随机int值，包含0而不包含n。
  • String对象是不可改变的。每次使用 System.String类中的方法之一时，都要在内存中创建一个新的字符串对象，这就需要为该新对象分配新的空间。在需要对字符串执行重复修改的情况下，与创建新的 String对象相关的系统开销可能会非常昂贵。如果要修改字符串而不创建新的对象，则可以使用System.Text.StringBuilder类。例如，当在一个循环中将许多字符串连接在一起时，使用 StringBuilder类可以提升性能。

实现单双页（修改activity_main.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/news_title_layout"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/news_title_fragment"
        android:name="com.example.fragmentbestpractice.NewsTitleFragment"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

</FrameLayout>
  • 单页模式下，加载一个新闻标题的碎片

实现单双页（新建layout-sw600dp\activity_main.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/news_title_fragment"
        android:name="com.example.fragmentbestpractice.NewsTitleFragment"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="1"/>

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/news_content_layout"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="3">

        <fragment
            android:id="@+id/news_content_fragment"
            android:name="com.example.fragmentbestpractice.NewsContentFragment"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
    </FrameLayout>

</LinearLayout>
  • 在双页模式中同时引入两个碎片，并将新闻内容的碎片放在了id为news_content_layout的FrameLayout布局下

效果图

pad

mob1

mob2